Sustainable Utilization of Metals: Processing, Recovery and Recycling
Friedrich, Bernd
Sustainable Utilization of Metals: Processing, Recovery and Recycling - MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020 - 1 electronic resource (388 p.)
Open Access
The high demand for advanced metallic materials raises the need for an extensive recycling of metals and such a sustainable use of raw materials. ""Sustainable Utilization of Metals - Processing, Recovery and Recycling"" comprises the latest scientific achievements in efficient production of metals and such addresses sustainable resource use as part of the circular economy strategy. This policy drives the present contributions, aiming on the recirculation of EoL-streams such as Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), multi-metal alloys or composite materials back into metal production. This needs a holistic approach, resulting in the maximal avoidance of waste. Considering both aspects, circular economy and material design, recovery and use of minor metals play an essential role, since their importance for technological applications often goes along with a lack of supply on the world market. Additionally, their ignoble character and low concentration in recycling materials cause an insufficient recycling rate of these metals, awarding them the status of “critical metals”. In order to minimize losses and energy consumption, this issue explores concepts for the optimization concerning the interface between mechanical and thermal pre-treatment and metallurgical processes. Such new approaches in material design, structural engineering and substitution are provided in the chapters.
Creative Commons
English
books978-3-03928-886-1 9783039288854 9783039288861
10.3390/books978-3-03928-886-1 doi
n/a tramp element reuse titanium recovery smartphone electrolytic manganese chemical equilibrium diagram thermodynamics displays selective extraction negative activation energy rare earths precipitation yttrium melting behavior zinc Bayer process silver leaching lanthanum steel scrap waste utilization super-gravity solvent extraction scandium magnesium gravity separation dynamic material flow model electrolytic lodes and scrapings enrichment of Ti ammonium scandium hexafluoride carbothermal reduction simultaneous recovery karst bauxite fines vanadium silver oxygen-depolarized cathodes ionic liquids flotation steelmaking dust aluminium purification zinc recycling physical separation manganese intermetallic formation gold aluminum alloy copper slag valorization reduction of Co NMC batteries process development REE–Nb–Fe ore bauxite residue hydrometallurgy Zinc polythermal section alkaline leaching electric arc furnace neodymium environmentally friendly process electrodeposition volatilization characterization rheorefining Li-ion battery anti-solvent crystallization basic oxygen furnace Bayan Obo selective precipitation pyrolysis WPCBs cold-bonded briquettes separation battery pre-treatment dysprosium dust metal recovery pyrometallurgy thermal treatment jarosite lifetime of steel leaching rare-earths sustainable development industry sector closed-loop circulation circular economy iron removal kinetics polishing waste material flow analysis cerium rare earth elements recycling potential halogenation ultra-high purity cryogenic pre-treatment Tin recovery refining WPCB desulfurization spent catalysts trace elements dimethyl sulfoxide vacuum distillation industrial residue condensation glass polishing waste flash smelting red mud microwave assisted pyrolysis NdFeB magnets cavitation sludge cementation indium metallurgy recycling gallium copper removal jarosite residue preparation for recovery laterites scandium recovery blast furnace circulation recycling rate
Sustainable Utilization of Metals: Processing, Recovery and Recycling - MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020 - 1 electronic resource (388 p.)
Open Access
The high demand for advanced metallic materials raises the need for an extensive recycling of metals and such a sustainable use of raw materials. ""Sustainable Utilization of Metals - Processing, Recovery and Recycling"" comprises the latest scientific achievements in efficient production of metals and such addresses sustainable resource use as part of the circular economy strategy. This policy drives the present contributions, aiming on the recirculation of EoL-streams such as Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), multi-metal alloys or composite materials back into metal production. This needs a holistic approach, resulting in the maximal avoidance of waste. Considering both aspects, circular economy and material design, recovery and use of minor metals play an essential role, since their importance for technological applications often goes along with a lack of supply on the world market. Additionally, their ignoble character and low concentration in recycling materials cause an insufficient recycling rate of these metals, awarding them the status of “critical metals”. In order to minimize losses and energy consumption, this issue explores concepts for the optimization concerning the interface between mechanical and thermal pre-treatment and metallurgical processes. Such new approaches in material design, structural engineering and substitution are provided in the chapters.
Creative Commons
English
books978-3-03928-886-1 9783039288854 9783039288861
10.3390/books978-3-03928-886-1 doi
n/a tramp element reuse titanium recovery smartphone electrolytic manganese chemical equilibrium diagram thermodynamics displays selective extraction negative activation energy rare earths precipitation yttrium melting behavior zinc Bayer process silver leaching lanthanum steel scrap waste utilization super-gravity solvent extraction scandium magnesium gravity separation dynamic material flow model electrolytic lodes and scrapings enrichment of Ti ammonium scandium hexafluoride carbothermal reduction simultaneous recovery karst bauxite fines vanadium silver oxygen-depolarized cathodes ionic liquids flotation steelmaking dust aluminium purification zinc recycling physical separation manganese intermetallic formation gold aluminum alloy copper slag valorization reduction of Co NMC batteries process development REE–Nb–Fe ore bauxite residue hydrometallurgy Zinc polythermal section alkaline leaching electric arc furnace neodymium environmentally friendly process electrodeposition volatilization characterization rheorefining Li-ion battery anti-solvent crystallization basic oxygen furnace Bayan Obo selective precipitation pyrolysis WPCBs cold-bonded briquettes separation battery pre-treatment dysprosium dust metal recovery pyrometallurgy thermal treatment jarosite lifetime of steel leaching rare-earths sustainable development industry sector closed-loop circulation circular economy iron removal kinetics polishing waste material flow analysis cerium rare earth elements recycling potential halogenation ultra-high purity cryogenic pre-treatment Tin recovery refining WPCB desulfurization spent catalysts trace elements dimethyl sulfoxide vacuum distillation industrial residue condensation glass polishing waste flash smelting red mud microwave assisted pyrolysis NdFeB magnets cavitation sludge cementation indium metallurgy recycling gallium copper removal jarosite residue preparation for recovery laterites scandium recovery blast furnace circulation recycling rate