Dion-Côté, Anne-Marie <br/><br/>
Repetitive DNA Sequences 

 -  MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  2020 
 - 1 electronic resource (206 p.) 
<br/><br/> Open Access 
<br/><br/> Repetitive DNA is ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes, and, in many species, comprises the bulk of the genome. Repeats include transposable elements that can self-mobilize and disperse around the genome, and tandemly-repeated satellite DNAs that increase in copy number due to replication slippage and unequal crossing over. Despite their abundance, repetitive DNA is often ignored in genomic studies due to technical challenges in their identification, assembly, and quantification. New technologies and methods are now providing the unprecedented power to analyze repetitive DNAs across diverse taxa. Repetitive DNA is of particular interest because it can represent distinct modes of genome evolution. Some repetitive DNA forms essential genome structures, such as telomeres and centromeres, which are required for proper chromosome maintenance and segregation, whereas others form piRNA clusters that regulate transposable elements; thus, these elements are expected to evolve under purifying selection. In contrast, other repeats evolve selfishly and produce genetic conflicts with their host species that drive adaptive evolution of host defense systems. However, the majority of repeats likely accumulate in eukaryotes in the absence of selection due to mechanisms of transposition and unequal crossing over. Even these neutral repeats may indirectly influence genome evolution as they reach high abundance. In this Special Issue, the contributing authors explore these questions from a range of perspectives. 
<br/><br/><br/>Creative Commons 
<br/><br/><br/>English 
<br/><br/><label>ISBN: </label>books978-3-03928-367-5 9783039283675 9783039283668 
<br/><br/><label>Standard No.: </label>10.3390/books978-3-03928-367-5  doi 
<br/><br/><label>Subjects--Index Terms: </label>transgene zebra finch transcription endogenous retrovirus transposable element centromere drive arthropods PSR (Paternal sex ratio) Alu gene evolution nuclear rDNA epigenetics heterochromatin alpha satellite Su(Hw) repeated elements karyotype piRNA cluster gene duplication super-Mendelian estrildidae genomic conflict GC-content segregation CENP-A drift germline hobo I element repetitive DNA transposons human satellites retrotransposons genome assembly LTR retrotransposons satellite DNA structural variation selection host genome Uraeginthus cyanocephalus LINE-1 B chromosomes ERV arms race sequence variation secondary structure HeT-A and TART telomeric retrotransposons database genetic conflict coevolution ncRNAs (non coding RNAs) repeat centromeric transcription nucleolus satellite insulator Rhino population genetics centromere genome annotation horizontal transfer rRNA genome elimination genome evolution evolution chromosome evolution genome size genome drosophila transposable elements selfish elements