000			03575naaaa2200361uu 4500
001			https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/46639
005			20220220025234.0
020			_abooks978-3-906980-92-8
020			_a9783906980928
020			_a9783906980911
024	7		_a10.3390/books978-3-906980-92-8 _cdoi
041	0		_aEnglish
042			_adc
100	1		_aTrevor Elliot (Ed.) _4auth
245	1	0	_aEnvironmental Tracers
260			_bMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute _c2014
300			_a1 electronic resource (240 p.)
506	0		_aOpen Access _2star _fUnrestricted online access
520			_aAquifer resources continue to be overexploited, leaving the world's most impoverished (or vulnerable) populations and/or the aquatic environment at an ever increasing risk from climate change. Adaptation strategies demand detailed evaluation and management of water as a resource, requiring an understanding of the chemical, geological (hydrogeological/geohydrological) and biological interactions that waters effect or undergo in the hydrologic cycle. Environmental tracers are ambient natural or man-made compounds widely distributed in the Earth’s near-surface. They may be injected into the hydrological system from the atmosphere at recharge and/or are added/lost/exchanged inherently as waters flow over and through materials. Variations in their chemical abundances and isotopic compositions can be used as tracers to determine sources (provenance), pathways (of reaction or interaction) and also timescales (dating) of environmental processes. Water dating may invoke their characteristic decay or accumulation functions, (cf. radioactive and radiogenic compounds and isotopes) in a system or the characteristic injection of sources. Environmental tracers in groundwater systems can give information both on current and past flow conditions independently of hydraulic analyses and modelling. Thus, environmental tracers generically are important tools for developing sustainable management policies for the protection of water resources and the aquatic environment. Recent overviews have highlighted how most environmental tracer systematics have become well-established through proof-of-concept studies in geochemically and hydraulically simple aquifers. The challenge now lies in enhancing the way they are put to use by the hydrologic community and water resource managers in more complex systems (e.g. inter- and intra-aquifer mixing; aquifers as distributed water systems – water coming in at one point is going somewhere, and pumping of water represents an interception) and how they may be used to address issues of vulnerability, sustainability, and uncertainty in water resource systems (including resource, flooding, drought, climate justice, water and food security, water footprints, etc.).
540			_aCreative Commons _fhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ _2cc _4https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
546			_aEnglish
653			_acomplex systems
653			_awater dating
653			_ainter- and intra-aquifer mixing
653			_aenvironmental tracers
653			_adistributed systems
653			_avulnerability
653			_aand uncertainty in water resource systems
653			_asustainability
653			_atransit and residence times
856	4	0	_awww.oapen.org _uhttp://books.mdpi.com/pdfview/book/97 _70 _zDOAB: download the publication
856	4	0	_awww.oapen.org _uhttps://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/46639 _70 _zDOAB: description of the publication
999			_c60624 _d60624